Over many years, the descendants of President Garfield discussed openly about his extraordinary achievements but avoided talking about his untimely death. “We knew what had happened, that he was shot in a train station,” reflects one of his modern descendants. “We learned about the story in publications but, for various reasons, we just glanced over it.”
This changed in 2011 with the release of a presidential biography, which sparked curiosity in Garfield's truncated career. This work has now inspired a television production titled Death by Lightning, starring an acclaimed actor as the national leader and Matthew Macfadyen as the drifter who assassinated him.
The series aims to highlight Garfield, who came from humble beginnings to the presidency during the economic era only to succumb to its deep political rifts. His time in office was truncated after only 200 days not only by the assassin's bullet but by physician mistakes – an incident now frequently ignored while the assassinations of Abraham Lincoln and JFK continue to captivate the public.
“You can't help but be proud what he did. He was like a multi-threat: he was a attorney, he was a religious leader, he was a agriculturalist. He was so many things which also shaped who he was and how he was and the complete story about him the descendants preserve with us.”
Garfield was the most recent commander-in-chief coming from pioneer roots in the Midwest in 1831. His parent passed away when he was very young, leaving his parent, Eliza, to care for multiple kids in hard times. An voracious learner, Garfield worked on canal boats to generate income for an formal learning.
He pursued jurisprudence, was ordained as minister, became head of a school in Ohio and was a state senator. In 1858 he married a previous schoolmate, Lucretia Rudolph, with whom he would have a large family. An dedicated federalist, Garfield viewed the national conflict as a holy crusade against slavery and advanced to the rank of major general.
“During my investigation, I couldn't believe it. He was remarkably smart. He was extremely courageous. He was innovative for the time. He was caring. He was a moral individual and would have been an outstanding leader had he survived.”
Garfield was persuaded by the wartime leader to leave army service when he was elected to the legislative branch, where he would work as a party member for nearly two decades. He was dedicated proponent of racial equality in elections, viewing it as a issue of rights and the fulfillment of a conflict agreement.
“The speech he gave on the floor of Congress will affect you emotionally. He was an incredibly powerful orator and this topic was extremely significant to him.”
At the political assembly in Chicago the faction was fundamentally fractured between the “Stalwarts”, led by a powerful politician, who supported a third term for former president, and the “rival group”, who supported James G Blaine. Garfield attended as a supporter of his friend and fellow Ohioan John Sherman.
When the 15,000-person convention was stalled between Grant and Blaine, representatives began looking for a compromise. Garfield's powerful oration proposing Sherman impressed them. During the speech, he reportedly shouted, “And now, representatives, what do we want?” to which a voice from the crowd unexpectedly replied, “We want Garfield!”
On the extended selection process, a stampede of delegates made Garfield the unexpected candidate. To appease the Stalwart faction, the vice presidential pick, a faction member from New York, was chosen as his vice president. In the national vote Garfield overcame the rival politician to become the only sitting member of the House ever to be elected president.
“His possible achievements and what is very unusual and maybe unique to the American presidency is he wasn't seeking the position. It's not that he had entirely ignored the possibility but he was thrust into it.”
The major battle of Garfield's brief term was his confrontation with Conkling over the “patronage network”. Conkling required power over federal patronage in New York, particularly the influential position of Collector of the Port of New York. Garfield refused, stating the issue was “whether the president is registering clerk of the senate or the presidential authority”. He nominated a rival of Conkling to the post.
The confrontation turned into a visible struggle but Garfield outmaneuvered Conkling in the Senate. Experiencing a embarrassing loss, Conkling and his junior senator left their positions in protest. The next day, Garfield's candidate was ratified. It was a significant win for the executive authority over the political organization and for the change movement over “boss rule”.
But even as Garfield battled the titans of his party, he was being stalked by a psychologically troubled person who exemplified the dark side of the patronage system. The assassin was a drifter with a record of professional failures, psychological problems and childhood trauma. He had not succeeded as a lawyer, debt recovery agent, preacher and member of a free-love commune.
“He was emotionally unstable and his unique form of delusion was delusion. He always believed that God had chosen him for greatness. He actually had superior economic background than Garfield but where Garfield progressed and improved, Guiteau could not accomplish anything.”
But Guiteau believed he had finally found a way to accomplishment: politics. Swept up in the events of the 1880 election, he created and presented an minor oration, and became certain in his thoughts that he was solely accountable for Garfield's victory.
Under this thinking, Guiteau calculated he had deserved a high-level government job. He travelled to Washington and relentlessly pestered Garfield, Blaine and other authorities, requiring to be made the diplomatic representative — a post for which he had inadequate skills. He became such a annoyance that he was eventually prohibited from the White House.
On 2 July 1881, just several weeks into his presidency, Garfield was leaving Washington for his educational gathering. As he passed through the train depot, Guiteau appeared suddenly, withdrew an weapon from his jacket and assassinated the leader in the back.
Garfield shouted: “Why is this occurring?” and fell on the station floor. When a {police officer|law